Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Penggunaan Antibiotik Pasien Sepsis di Rumah Sakit di Bandung

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelompok kombinasi antibiotik empirik yang paling efektif secara biaya (cost effectiveness) yang digunakan pada sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan yang dirawat di salah satu rumah sakit di kota Bandung periode tahun 2010–2012. Penelitian merupakan studi analisis observasional dengan pengumpulan data secara retrospektif. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien rawat inap sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan dan mendapat terapi antibiotik empirik sefotaksimmetronidazol dan sefotaksim-eritromisin. Komponen biaya yang dikumpulkan meliputi biaya antibiotik empirik, biaya tindakan, biaya penunjang, biaya rawat inap, dan biaya administrasi. Hasil Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) menunjukkan rasio nilai biaya langsung terhadap pasien yang selamat sebesar Rp 3.301.090,00 untuk kombinasi sefotaksim- metronidazol yang dibandingkan dengan antibiotik empirik lain, sedangkan perbandingan kombinasi sefotaksim-eritromisin dengan antibiotik lain terhadap biaya dan pasien yang selamat sebesar Rp 2.227.366,89. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi antibiotik sefotaksim-eritromisin lebih efektif secara biaya dibanding kombinasi sefotaksim-metronidazol.

Kata kunci: Antibiotik empirik, cost effectiveness, farmakoekonomi, sepsis

Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Antibiotic Used among Sepsis Patients in Hospital in Bandung

The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic combination group that were the most effective in cost (cost effectiveness) used as sepsis with respiratory infections treatment at one of hospital in Bandung. Observational study was conducted by retrospective data. Data were collected from medical record from inpatients sepsis with respiratory infection and received empirical therapy cefotaximemetronidazole or cefotaxime-erythromycin. Direct medical cost is collected from empirical antibiotic costs, costs of medical treatment, medical expenses, hospitalization costs, and administrative costs. The results of Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) showed that ratio of direct medical cost and survived patients is 3.301.090,00 IDR for cefotaxime-metronidazole that compared to other empirical antibiotic, and 2.227.366,89 IDR for cefotaxime-erythromycin. It can be conclude that the combination of cefotaxime-erythromycin is more cost effective than cefotaxime-metronidazole.

Key words: Empirical therapy, cost effectiveness, pharmacoeconomic, sepsis