Comparison of Extraction Solvents Towards Anti-Propionibacterium acnes activity of Alphitonia incana (Roxb). Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz Leaves

Hafiz Ramadhan; Rahmi Muthia; Sari Wahyunita; Dyera Forestryana; Sherly Mar'atu Soleha; Lihimi Lihimi

doi:10.24198/ijpst.v0i0.45897

Comparison of Extraction Solvents Towards Anti-Propionibacterium acnes activity of Alphitonia incana (Roxb). Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz Leaves

Hafiz Ramadhan, Rahmi Muthia, Sari Wahyunita, Dyera Forestryana, Sherly Mar'atu Soleha, Lihimi Lihimi

Sari

Alphitonia incana (Roxb.) Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz locally known as Balik Angin in Borneo Island is one of the endemic plants that have the potential to be an alternative antibacterial agent. Balik Angin leaves contain secondary metabolites that have to play a role to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria. This study aimed to compare the different extraction solvents which are methanol and ethanol on the maceration of Balik Angin leaves in producing antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The leaves were macerated using methanol and ethanol respectively. Antibacterial assay was carried out by the Well diffusion method. The results showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract which is 3.2% has a diameter of clear zone of 9.475±0.311 mm. Meanwhile, the methanolic extract with a similar MIC has a lower diameter of clear zone of 2.55±0.85 mm. The results correlate with the number of secondary metabolites groups that were identified based on phytochemical screening in ethanol extract containing alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and phytosteroid, however, methanol extract not containing alkaloid. The conclusion of this study is ethanol solvent more effective to extract secondary metabolites from Balik Angin leaves compare to methanol solvent, so that can produce more powerful anti-Propionibacterium acnes activity.

Kata Kunci

Alphitonia incana (Roxb.) Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz; Balik Angin leaves; ethanol extract; methanol extract; anti-Propionibacterium acnes

Teks Lengkap:

PDF (English)

Referensi

Garg, T. Current nanotechnological approaches for an effective delivery of bio-active drug molecules in the treatment of acne. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2016;44(1):98-105.

McLaughlin, J., Watterson, S., Layton, A.M., Bjourson, A.J., Barnard, E., McDowell, A. Propionibacterium acnes and Acne Vulgaris: New Insights from the Integration of Population Genetic, Multi-Omic, Biochemical and Host-Microbe Studies. Microorganisms. 2019;7(128):1-29.

Adiningsih, W., Vifta, R., Yuswantina, R. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol 70% dan Ekstrak Etanol 96% Buah Strawberry (Fragaria X Ananassa) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy. 2021;1(1):1-9.

Fitriyanti, Norhavid, M.F.R., Ramadhan, H. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol 70% Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes Penyebab Jerawat. Pharmacoscript. 2020;3(2):143-149.

Haider, A., Shaw, J.C. Treatment of acne vulgaris. JAMA. 2004;292(6):726-35.

Tan, A.U., Schlosser, B.J., Paller, A.S. A review of diagnosis and treatment of acne in adult female patients. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2018;4(2):56-71.

Yusuf, L.C., Mourisa, C. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Kembang Sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Jurnal Ilmiah Maksitek. 2020;5(4):53-56.

Wardah, Sundari, S. Ethnobotany study of Dayak society medicinal plants utilization in Uut Murung District, Murung Raya Regency, Central Kalimantan. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019;298(2019):1-12.

Sarifudin, D.E., Wahyudi, I. Kajian Struktur Anatomi dan Sifat Fisik Kayu Balik Angin (Alphitonia excelsa): A Lesser Known Species from Kalimantan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia (MAPEKI) XVI; 6 November 2013; Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur. Indonesia: MAPEKI; 2013.

Rusida, R., Abidin, Z., Kurdiansyah. Physical and mechanical properties of Balik Angin (Alphitonia excelsa) of KHDTK ULM at Mandiangin. J Sylva Scienteae. 2019;2(2):205-212.

Naz, T. Chemical and Biological Studies of Medicinal Plants Used by the Yaegl Aboriginal Community of Australia. Sydney, Australia: Departement of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University; 2013.

Dodo., Solihah, S.M., Yuzamni. Koleksi Kebun Raya Banua Tumbuhan Berpotensi Obat. Jakarta: LIPI; 2016.

Nugroho, Y., Soendjoto, M.A., Suyanto, S., Matatula, J., Alam, S., Wirabuana, P.Y.A.P. Traditional medicinal plants and their utilization by local communities around Lambung Mangkurat Education Forests, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 2022;23(1):306-314.

Cock, I.E. Alphitonia excelsa (Fenzl) Benth. Leaf Extracts Inhibit the Growth of a Panel of Pathogenic Bacteria. Pharmacognosy Communications. 2020;10(2):67-74.

Ahmed, J., Salim, K. A., Lim, L.B.L., Jama, A.M. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Leaves, Barks, Stems and Fruits of Alphitonia philippinensis (Rhamnaceae) From Brunei Darussalam. Pharmacogn Journal. 2019;11(5):951-961.

Forestryana, D., Ramadhan, H., Sayakti, P.I., Nurjanah, T., Faradillah, N., Nafila. Identification of Essential Oils From The Bark of Balik Angin (Alphitonia incana (Roxb.) Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz). Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. 2022;Supp 1(1):85-95.

Sutomo, Arnida, Rizki, M.I., Triyasmono, L., Nugroho, A., Mintowati, E., Salamiah. Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Kualitatif Aktivitas Antioksidan Tumbuhan Asal Rantau Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Pharmascience. 2016;3(1):66-74.

Fuentes, R.G., Valencio, A.L., Cassera, M.B., Kingston, D.G.I. Antiproliferative and Antiplasmodial Investigation of Alphitonia excelsa and Arcanngelesia flava. Phillippine Journal of Science. 2020;149(1):115-120.

Ramadhan, H., Andina, L., Vebruati, Nafila, Yuliana, K.A., Baidah, D., Lestari, N.P. Phyochemical Screening and Randemen Comparison of 96% Ethanol Extract of Terap (Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco) Leaf, Flesh and Peel. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari. 2020;11(2):103-112.

Ramadhan, H., Arsyad, M., Sayakti, P.I. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol 70% Biji Kalangkala (Litsea angulata Bl.) Terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat Propionibacterium acnes. Borneo Journal of Pharmascientech. 2020;4(1):60-70.

Ramadhan, H., Forestryana, D., Jamaludin, W.B., Palguno, S.K. Antibacterial Activity of Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles Gel of Binjai Leaves Methanol Extract (Mangifera caesia Jack. Ex. Wall.) Against Propionibacterium acnes. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(Special Issue 5):67-71.

Ramadhan, H, Sayakti, P.I., Liliyana, N., Nafila. The Effect of Different Gelling Agents on The Sun Protection Factor From Emulgel Formula of Binjai (Mangifera caesia Jack. Ex.Wall) Leaves Methanol Extract. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University. 2022;57(1):12-23.

Hauenschild, F., Favre, A., Schulz, M., Muellner-Riehl, A.N. Biogeographic analyses support an Australian origin for the Indomalesian-Australasian wet forestadapted tropical tree and shrub genus Alphitonia and its close allies (Rhamnaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 2018;188(1):1-20.

Hasnaeni, Wisdawati, Usman, S. Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen Dan Kadar Fenolik Ekstrak Tanaman Kayu Beta-Beta (Lunasia amara Blanco). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika. 2019;5(2):175-182.

Nurhasnawati, H., Sukarmi, F., Handayani. Perbandingan Metode Ekstraksi Maserasi dan Sokletasi Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Bol (Syzygium malaccense L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mununtung. 2017;3(1):91-95.

Nawaz, H., Shad, M.A., Rehman, N., Andaleeb, H., Ullah, N. Effect of solvent polarity on extraction yield and antioxidant properties of phytochemicals from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2020;56(e17129):1-9.

Al Omar, R., Micklewright, R., Masud, K., Naz, T., Vemulpad, S., Jamie, J. The genus Alphitonia Reissek ex Endl. (Rhamnaceae): A review of its customary uses, phytochemistry and biological activities. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2022;294(115168):1-24.

Kumar, S., Pandey, A.K. Chemistry and Biological Activities of Flavonoids: An Overview. The Scientific World Journal. 2013:1–16.

Nomer, N.M.G.R., Duniaji, A.S., Nocianitri, K.A. Kandungan Senyawa Flavonoid Dan Antosianin Ekstrak Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Serta Aktivitas Antibakteri Terhadap Vibrio cholera. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan. 2019;8(2):216-225.

Julianto, T.S. Fitokimia: Tinjauan Metabolit Sekunder dan Skrining Fitokimia. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Indonesia; 2019.

Setiabudy, R. Golongan Kuinolon dan Fluorokuinolon, Farmakologi dan Terapi. Jakarta: Departemen Farmakologi dan Terapeutik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2011.

Sandra, E., Fitriyanti, Yunarti, A. Efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol daun Balik Angin (Alphitonia incana) terhadap Escherichia coli menggunakan difusi sumuran. Pharmacoscript. 2022;5(2):201-211.

Haryati, S.D., Darmawati, S., Wilson, W. Perbandingan Efek Ekstrak Buah Alpukat (Persea americana Mill) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa Dengan Metode Disk Dan Sumuran. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Publikasi Hasil-Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat. 2017:348-352.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v0i0.45897