Korelasi perilaku pencarian informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan faktor sosiodemografi pada remaja: studi cross-sectional

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan hal yang penting untuk dijaga karena dapat memengaruhi kesehatan seluruh tubuh. Hal yang dapat memengaruhi kesehatan gigi dan mulut ada perilaku. Perilaku pencarian informasi dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosiodemografi. Remaja memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi, tetapi biasanya tidak mengevaluasi sumber informasi yang mereka gunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis korelasi perilaku pencarian informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan faktor sosiodemografi pada remaja. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Variabel penelitian adalah perilaku pencarian informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dan faktor sosiodemografi (usia, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, pendidikan orang tua, dan pendapatan orang tua). Populasi penelitian adalah siswa SMP tahun ajaran 2021/2022 semester gasal sebanyak 70.913. Teknik penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik random cluster random sampling. Distribusi secara proporsional menggunakan rumus oleh Bowley. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji non parametric, yaitu Spearman Rank Correlation. Hasil: Nilai signifikansi untuk variabel perilaku pencarian informasi dengan variabel usia (p=0,001), jenis kelamin (p=0,000), pendidikan orang tua (p=0,000), dan pendapatan orang tua (p=0,000), dan lokasi tempat tinggal (p=918). Korelasi termasuk sedang pada daerah perkotaan (0,410) dan lemah pada daerah pegunungan (0,410) dan dataran rendah (0,314). Nilai hasil uji Spearman Rank Correlation menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pencarian informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut berkorelasi dengan usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan orang tua, dan pendapatan orang tua, sedangkan dengan lokasi tempat tinggal tidak berkorelasi. Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi antara perilaku pencarian informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan faktor sosiodemografi usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan orang tua, dan pendapatan orang tua remaja di Kabupaten Jember, sedangkan variabel tempat tinggal tidak menunjukkan korelasi yang bermakna

Kata kunci

perilaku, informasi, kesehatan gigi dan mulut, faktor sosiodemografi, remaja

Correlation of oral health information seeking behavior with sociodemographic factors in adolescents: cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Maintaining dental and oral health is crucial as it can impact the body's overall well-being. Various factors can influence dental and oral health; among them, behaviours play a significant role. These behaviours encompass seeking information about dental and oral health and sociodemographic factors that can influence them. While often curious, teenagers overlook the evaluation of information sources they employ. This study examines the correlation between adolescents' behaviour in seeking oral health information and sociodemographic factors. Methods: This study employs an analytical observational research approach with a cross-sectional design, employing a questionnaire as the research instrument. The study focuses on two main variables: dental and oral health information-seeking behaviour and sociodemographic factors, including age, gender, place of residence, parental education, and parental income. The research population comprises 70,913 junior high school students from odd semesters during the 2021/2022 academic year. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula, and the samples were collected using a random cluster random sampling technique. To ensure representativeness, the samples were distributed proportionately according to the formula introduced by Bowley. A non-parametric statistical test, specifically the Spearman Rank Correlation, was employed for data analysis. Results: The significance values for the information-seeking behaviour variable were as follows: age (p=0.001), gender (p=0.000), parental education (p=0.000), parental income (p=0.000), and location of residence (p=0.918). The correlation was moderate in urban areas (0.410), weak in mountainous areas (0.410), and coastal areas (0.314). The Spearman Rank Correlation test results indicated that dental and oral health information-seeking behaviour was associated with age, gender, parental education, and parental income. However, no significant relationship was found between dental and oral health information-seeking behaviour and the location of residence. Conclusion: Correlation of dental and oral health information-seeking behaviour and sociodemographic factors, including age, gender, parental education, and parental income, among adolescents in Jember Regency. However, the variable of residence does not exhibit a significant correlation.

Keywords

behavior, information, dental and oral health, sociodemographic factors, adolescents