The effect of clove flower extract immersion on the surface roughness of heat-cured and cold-cured acrylic: an experimental study

Zwista Yulia Dewi, Ira Artilia, Euis Reni Yuslianti, Thara Lathiifa

Abstract


Introduction: Heat-cured and cold-cured acrylic resins are commonly used as denture base materials in dentistry. Denture cleansers are essential for maintaining denture hygiene, and clove flower extract has been identified as a natural alternative due to its antifungal properties against Candida albicans. However, its high phenol content may increase the surface roughness of acrylic resins. Clinically, the acceptable roughness limit for acrylic resin is less than 0.2 µm. Increased surface roughness can lead to denture stomatitis, papillary hyperplasia, and chronic candidiasis. This study aimed to analyze changes in the surface roughness of heat-cured and cold-cured acrylic resins after immersion in clove flower extract. Methods: This true experimental study involved 32 samples divided into eight treatment groups. The samples were immersed in clove flower extract at concentrations of 1.6%, 1.8%, and 2% in distilled water, with distilled water serving as the control, for 23 days. Surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, paired sample t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in surface roughness changes between heat-cured and cold-cured acrylic resins after immersion in clove flower extract at all concentrations. Cold-cured acrylic resin exhibited greater changes in surface roughness than heat-cured acrylic resin. Conclusion: The increased surface roughness in cold-cured acrylic resin is attributed to its higher residual monomer content, which allows greater absorption of clove flower extract. These findings suggest that clove flower extract may affect the durability of acrylic resin materials used in dentures.



Efek perendaman ekstrak bunga cengkeh terhadap kerataan permukaan akrilik yang dipanaskan dan didinginkan: penelitian eksperimental 


Pendahuluan: Resin akrilik heat-cured dan cold-cured merupakan bahan yang umum digunakan sebagai basis gigi tiruan dalam kedokteran gigi. Pembersih gigi tiruan berperan penting dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi tiruan, dan ekstrak bunga cengkeh telah diidentifikasi sebagai alternatif alami karena sifat antifungalnya terhadap Candida albicans. Namun, kandungan fenol yang tinggi dalam ekstrak bunga cengkeh dapat meningkatkan kekasaran permukaan resin akrilik. Secara klinis, batas kekasaran permukaan resin akrilik yang dapat diterima adalah kurang dari 0,2 µm. Peningkatan kekasaran permukaan dapat menyebabkan stomatitis gigi tiruan, hiperplasia papilar, dan kandidiasis kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan nilai kekasaran permukaan antara resin akrilik heat-cured dan cold-cured setelah perendaman dalam ekstrak bunga cengkeh. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental murni dengan 32 sampel yang dibagi menjadi delapan kelompok perlakuan. Sampel direndam dalam ekstrak bunga cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 1,6%, 1,8%, dan 2%, serta air suling sebagai kontrol, selama 23 hari. Pengukuran kekasaran permukaan dilakukan menggunakan surface roughness tester. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Shapiro-Wilk, paired sample t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan (P< 0,05) dalam perubahan kekasaran permukaan antara resin akrilik heat-cured dan cold-cured setelah perendaman dalam ekstrak bunga cengkeh pada semua konsentrasi. Resin akrilik cold-cured mengalami peningkatan kekasaran permukaan yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan resin akrilik heat-cured. Simpulan: Peningkatan kekasaran permukaan pada resin akrilik cold-cured disebabkan oleh kandungan monomer sisa yang lebih tinggi, sehingga mampu menyerap lebih banyak ekstrak bunga cengkeh. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bunga cengkeh dapat memengaruhi ketahanan bahan resin akrilik yang digunakan dalam gigi tiruan.

Keywords


Surface roughness, clove flower extract, denture cleanser, heat-cured acrylic resin, cold-cured acrylic resin

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v38i1.61906

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