Komunikasi dan dukungan sosial di lingkungan masyarakat terdampak pembangunan Waduk Jatigede Sumedang

Agus Rahmat, Kokom Komariah, Wawan Setiawan

Abstract


Bagi masyarakat yang menjadi terdampak dari pembangunan bendungan Jatigede, persoalan yang dihadapi pasca penggenangan tidak terhenti hanya sampai pada penerimaan uang ganti rugi dan pemukiman kembali diri serta keluarga di tempat yang baru, akan tetapi persoalan yang dihadapi saat ini jauh lebih sulit seperti menyangkut pekerjaan guna menyambung kehidupan diri dan keluarga dan adaptasi diri dan keluarga pada lingkungan yang baru. Sebagai mahluk sosial, persoalan yang dirasa jauh lebih penting terkait dengan adaptasi dengan orang-orang baru baik lingkungan tetangga ataupun lingkungan warga. Kemampuan bertahan dalam lingkungan sosial yang baru ini menjadi keniscayaan untuk kelangsungan hidup orang-orang terdampak pembangunan waduk Jatigede. Masalahnya adalah apakah lingkungan sosial yang baru mendorong kemampuan bertahan dari orang-orang terdampak pembangunan waduk Jatigede atau tidak. Untuk mengetahui kondisi ini, penelitian dilakukan di dua wilayah yaitu wilayah relokasi dan di wilayah sisipan pemukiman kembali. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif atau paradigma positivis, sedangkan untuk dukungan sosial yang dinilai dalam penelitian ini meliputi empat aspek meliputi dukungan emosional, dukungan nyata, dukungan kasih sayang dan interaksi sosial. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa dukungan sosial menentukan ketahanan sosial orang-orang terdampak pembangunan waduk Jatigede, baik secara total (gabungan) maupun secara parsial. Adapun hasil perhitungan secara parsial menunjukan bahwa diantara dukungan sosial yang ada, dukungan emosional merupakan dimensi dukungan sosial yang memiliki pengaruh yang paling besar terhadap ketahanan ataupun kemampuan adaptasi dari orang-orang terdampak pembangunan Jatigede.


Keywords


dukungan sosial; ketahanan; lingkungan; orang terdampak; pemukiman kembali

Full Text:

PDF

References


Allen, T. D., Mcmanus, S. E., & Russell, J. E. A. (1999). Newcomer socialization and stress: formal peer relationships as a source of support. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 543(3), 453–470.

Anisa, R. (2016). Manajemen kerelasian pelanggan dalam menciptakan kepercayaan pelanggan pada commercial banking center Bandung PT. Bank Mandiri (persero) TBK. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 4(1), 44–51.

Badri, S. A., Asgary, A., Eftekhari, A. R., & Levy, J. (2006). Post-disaster resettlement, development and change: a case study of the 1990 Manjil earthquake in Iran. Overseas Development Institute, 30(4), 451–468.

Bakti, I., Dewi, E. A. S., Romli, R., & Budiana, H. R. (2015). Analisis faktor personal pada sumber komunikasi dalam pengelolaan tanaman obat keluarga di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 3(2), 133–139.

Boren, J. P. (2013). The relationships between co-rumination, social support, stress, and burnout among working adults. Management Communication Quarterly, 3–25.

Burleson, B. R., Albrecht, T. L., & Sarason, I. G. (1994). Communication of social support: Messages, interactions, relationships, and community. Sage Publications.

Cadell, S., Karabanow, J., & Sanchez, M. (2001). Community, empowerment, and resilience: Paths to wellness. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 21–35.

Caligiuri, P., & Lazarova, M. (2011). The International journal of human resource management a model for the influence of social interaction and social support on female expatriates ’ cross-cultural adjustment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(5), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190210125903.

Camara, M., Bacigalupe, G., & Padilla, P. (2015). The role of social support in adolescents: are you helping me or stressing me out? International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 3843 (December). https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2013.875480.

Cernea, M. M. (1997). Impoverishment risks, risk management, and reconstruction: A model of population displacement and resettlement. World Development, 27–290.

Chib, A., & Wilkin, H. A. (2013). International migrant workers ’ use of mobile phones to seek social support in Singapore. Informatios Technologies & International Development, 9(4), 19–34.

Cline, R. J. W. (2016). Community-level social support responses in a slow-motion technological disaster: The case of Libby, Montana. Am Journal Community Psychology, (46 (0)), 1–18.

Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic Medicine Vol., 38(5).

Cohen, S. (2004). The stress-buffering hypothesis. Dalam N. B. Anderson, Encyclopedia of Health and Behavior. Sage Publications, 780–782.

Deininger, K., & Liu, Y. (2009). Longer-term economic impacts of self-help groups in India. Policy Research Working Paper, (March), 1–29.

Dirks, S. E., & Metts, S. (2010). An investigation of the support process: Decision, enactment, and outcome an investigation of the support process. Journal Communication Studie, (October 2014), 391–441. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510974.2010.491344.

Downing, T. E. (2002). Avoiding new poverty: Displacement and resettlement. International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), (58).

Folke, C. (2016). Social-ecological resilience and biosphere-based sustainability science. Ecology and Society 2, 1(3), 41.

González, M. . (1998). What is affection?

Griffiths, K. M., Crisp, D. A., Barney, L., & Reid, R. (2011). Seeking help for depression from family and friends: A qualitative analysis of perceived advantages and disadvantages. BMC Psychiatry, (11), 196.

Henly, J. R. (2005). The contribution of social support to the material well-being of low-income families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67(February), 122–140.

House, J., & Kahn, R. (1985). Measures and concept of social support. American Psychological Association, 83–108.

Jairam, D., & Kahl, D. H. (2012). Navigating the doctoral experience : The role of social support in successful degree completion. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 7, 311–329.

Keck, M., & Sakdapolrak, P. (2013). WHAT IS SOCIAL RESILIENCE ? LESSONS LEARNED AND WAYS FORWARD 1 Introduction. Erdkunde, 67(1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2013.01.02.

Kenneth, H., & Karen, R. (1997). Distinguishing the theoretical functions of social ties: Implications for support interventions. American Psychological Association, 649–670.

Kessler, R. C., Price, R. H., & Wortman, C. B. (1985). Social factors in psychopathology: stress, social support, and coping processes. Annual Review of Psychology, (36), 531–572.

Kirchherr, J., & Charles, K. (2016). The Social Impacts of dams: A new framework for scholarly analysis. Environmental Impact Assessment Review., 1(1), 1–49.

Leary, K. A., & Derosier, M. E. (2012). Factors promoting positive adaptation and resilience during the transition to college. Psychology, 3(12), 1215–1222.

Lerer, L. B. (1999). Health impacts of large dams. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 9255(98), 113–123.

Lidahuli, S. G. (2015). Social and economic impacts of involuntary resettlement during large scalewater infrustructure development: The case of thika dam. Nairobi: University of Nairobi.

Lin, N., Dean, A., & Ensel, W. M. (1985). Social support, life events, and depression. USA: Academic Press.

Lord, J., & Hutchison, P. (1993). The process of empowerment: Implications for theory and practice the process of empowerment. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Healt, 12(1), 5–25.

Mccartney, M., Sullivan, C., & Acreman, M. . (2001). Ecosystem impacts of large dams. UK: M.P., IUCN, UNEP or UNF.

Millicent, N., & Jeff, B. (2008). Emotional and informational social support: Exploring contrasting influences on human resource management innovation. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict.

Mitchell, T. R. (1987). People in organizations: An introduction to organizational behavior (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Norris, F. H. (2008). Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. Am J Community Psychol, (41), 127–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6.

Nugraha, A. R., Sumartias, S., Novianti, E., & Komariah, K. (2015). Implementasi kegiatan corporate social responsiblity ‘go greeen economic’ berbasiskan kearifan lokal. Jurnal Komunikasi, 7(2), 106–115.

Ozbay, F. (2007). Social support and resilience to stress: From neurobiology to clinical practice. Psychiatry, 4(5), 35–40.

Pedrosa, S. C., Fiuza, M. L. T., Cunha, G. H., & Reis, R. K. (2016). Social support for people living with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Texto Contexto Enferm, 25(4), 2–8.

Pietkiewicz, I., Wojcik, M., Popiolek, K., & Barika, A. (2015). Resources and adaptation following involuntary resettlement in the Bytom-Karb community. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 46(1), 15–25.

Price, M., Gros, D. F., Strachan, M., Ruggiero, K. J., & Acierno, R. (2013). The role of social support in exposure therapy for operation iraqi freedom/ operation enduring freedom veterans: A preliminary investigation. A Preliminary Investigation. Psychol Trauma, 5(1), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026244.

Rakhmat, J. (2009). Metode penelitian kualitatif. Bandung: Rosdakarya.

Rosenholtz, S. J. (1989). Workplace conditions that affect teacher quality and commitment: Implications for teacher induction programs. The Elementary School Journal, 421–439.

S. B, M. (2014). Well-being of community disaster resilience. Bellingham: Western Washington University.

Schaefer, C., Coyne, J. C., & Lazarus, R. S. (1981). The health-related functions of social support. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(4), 381–382.

Servaes, J. (2003). Approaches to development: studies on communication for development. Paris: Communication and Information Sector.

Sherbourne, C. D., & Stewart, A. L. (1991). The mos social support survey. Social Science & Medicine, 32(6), 705–714.

Shields, M. . (2015). Social impact studies an expository analysis, 7(3), 265–284.

Shinn, M., Lehmann, S., & Wong, N. W. (1984). Social interaction and social support. Journal of Social Issues, 40(4), 55–76.

Shumaker, S. A., & Brownell, A. (1984). Toward a theory of social support: Closing conceptual gaps. Journal of Social Issues, 40(4), 11–36.

Siedlecki, K. L., Salthouse, T. A., Oishi, S., & Jeswani, S. (2013). and Subjective well-being across age. Social Indicators Researc, 117(2), 561–576. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-013-0361-4.

Singh, K., & Billingsley, B. S. (2010). Professional support and its effects on teachers’ commitment. The Journal of Educational Research, (October 2014), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220679809597548.

Sippel, L. M., Pietrzak, R. H., Mayes, L. C., & Southwick, S. M. (2015). How does social support enhance resilience in the trauma-exposed individual? Ecology and Society, 20(4).

Southwick, S. M., Litz, B. T., Charney, D., & Friedman, M. J. (2011). Resilience and mental health: Challenges across the lifespan. Cambridge University Press.

Stachour, V. M. (1998). The role of social support in mediating stress and illness. In Paper (pp. 2–36).

UNDP. (2013). Promoting sustainable livelihoods, reducing vulnerability and building resilience in the drylands.

Viswesvaran, C., Sanchez, J. I., & Fisher, J. (1999). The role of social support in the process of work stress: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54(2), 314–334.

Westley, F., Olsson, P., Folke, C., Homer-dixon, T., Vredenburg, H., Loorbach, D., Leeuw, S. Van Der. (2011). Tipping toward sustainability: emerging pathways of transformation. Ambio, 762–780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-011-0186-9.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkk.v7i1.21096

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2019 Agus Rahmat, Kokom Komariah, Wawan Setiawan

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi Indexed by:

 

Editorial Office of Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi:

Faculty of Communication ScienceUniversitas Padjadjaran
Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
WA: +6282316731181 (Chat Only)

Telephone: +62227796954
Faxmile: +62227794122
E-mail: jurnal.kajian.komunikasi@unpad.ac.idjurnalkajiankomunikasiunpad@gmail.com


 site
stats View My Stats

Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi Supervised by: