Prevalensi dan Intensitas Infestasi Cacing Saluran Pencernaan pada Domba Garut dan Cross Dorper di Peternakan Intensif
Abstract
Bangsa domba lokal kerap diasumsikan lebih tahan terhadap cacing saluran pencernaan daripada bangsa introduksi, namun bukti pembanding pada lingkungan dan tata laksana yang sama masih langka di Indonesia. Penelitian ini membandingkan komposisi taksa, intensitas infestasi, dan prevalensi telur cacing antara domba Garut dan domba Cross Dorper (Dorper × Garut) pada satu peternakan intensif di Kecamatan Wanaraja, Kabupaten Garut. Sebanyak 60 ekor domba diamati, masing-masing 30 ekor per bangsa, yang terbagi ke dalam kelompok umur 6 bulan dan 1 tahun sebanyak 15 ekor per kelompok. Feses diambil secara transrektal, diperiksa dengan metode apung dan sedimentasi, lalu jumlah telur per gram feses (EPG) dihitung menggunakan kamar hitung Whitlock. Perbedaan prevalensi diuji dengan khi-kuadrat terkoreksi Yates dan perbedaan EPG dengan uji-t Welch. Telur Strongyle mendominasi pada kedua bangsa; Trichuris hanya ditemukan pada kelompok umur 1 tahun, sedangkan Moniezia terbatas pada domba Cross Dorper. Prevalensi domba Garut (70,0%) nyata lebih tinggi daripada domba Cross Dorper (26,7%; rasio odds 6,42; P = 0,002), demikian pula rataan EPG (109,0 berbanding 22,4; P = 0,007). Hampir seluruh individu tergolong infestasi ringan (<500 EPG) tanpa gejala klinis. Perbedaan antarbangsa masih terancu periode pengambilan sampel, status fisiologis, dan riwayat pengobatan, sehingga belum dapat ditafsirkan sebagai perbedaan ketahanan genetik.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jptt.v7i1.71878
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