Indonesia–Germany Cooperation under the G to G Triple Win Framework for the Deployment of Indonesian Nurses

Sasikirana Hermanu Putri, Nuraeni Nuraeni

Abstrak


This research focuses on G to G Triple Win cooperation between Indonesia and Germany. Germany is currently facing a shortage of nursing staff, while Indonesia is facing a surplus of nurses alongside limited domestic employment opportunities. Through this scheme, Indonesia sends nursing workers to Germany, with all three parties involved gaining mutual benefits. This research aims to explain the G to G triple win cooperation scheme between Germany and Indonesia and to examine its contribution to repositioning Indonesia in the international labor market as well as its role as a solution to Indonesia's unemployment crisis. This research employs a qualitative method with literature review drawing from official government documents, international organization reports, academic literature, and mass media publications. The findings indicate a more detailed cooperation dynamic between Indonesia and Germany, particularly as Indonesia manages its demographic bonus period amid persistently high unemployment rates. In implementing this cooperation, further examination of human resource quality is needed to ensure global competitiveness. The government plays a crucial role in improving educational quality and ensuring its equitable distribution. This scheme benefits all three parties and is expected to expand to other sectors so that the population challenges faced by both Indonesia and Germany can be effectively managed.

Penelitian ini berfokus pada kerja sama G to G Triple Win antara Indonesia dan Jerman. Jerman saat ini menghadapi kekurangan tenaga perawat, sementara Indonesia menghadapi surplus tenaga perawat yang disertai dengan terbatasnya kesempatan kerja di dalam negeri. Melalui skema ini, Indonesia mengirimkan tenaga perawat untuk bekerja di Jerman, dengan ketiga pihak yang terlibat memperoleh manfaat secara timbal balik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan skema kerja sama G to G Triple Win antara Jerman dan Indonesia serta menganalisis kontribusinya dalam memposisikan kembali Indonesia di pasar tenaga kerja internasional dan perannya sebagai salah satu solusi terhadap permasalahan pengangguran di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur yang bersumber dari dokumen resmi pemerintah, laporan organisasi internasional, literatur akademik, serta publikasi media massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dinamika kerja sama yang lebih mendalam antara Indonesia dan Jerman, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia mengelola periode bonus demografi di tengah tingkat pengangguran yang masih relatif tinggi. Dalam pelaksanaan kerja sama ini, diperlukan kajian lebih lanjut mengenai kualitas sumber daya manusia guna memastikan daya saing tenaga kerja Indonesia di tingkat global. Pemerintah memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan sekaligus memastikan pemerataan akses dan kualitas pendidikan. Skema ini memberikan manfaat bagi ketiga pihak yang terlibat dan diharapkan dapat diperluas ke sektor-sektor lainnya, sehingga berbagai tantangan kependudukan yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia dan Jerman dapat dikelola secara lebih efektif.


Kata Kunci


Bilateral Agreement; G to G Triple Win; Indonesia Germany; Labor Migration

Teks Lengkap:

PDF (English)

Referensi


Badan Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. (2025). Hasil seleksi interview program G to G perawat di Jerman Batch VI tahun 2024. SISKOP2MI. https://siskop2mi.bp2mi.go.id/pengumuman/detail/261

Badan Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. (2025). Pengumuman pendaftaran penempatan kandidat calon pekerja migran Indonesia (CPMI) perawat program G to G di Jerman Batch VII tahun 2025. SISKOP2MI. https://siskop2mi.bp2mi.go.id/pengumuman/detail/268

Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2024). Population development in Germany to vary greatly by region until 2040.https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/en/topics/latest-news/2024/april/population-development-in-germany-to-vary-greatly-by-region-until-2040

Bundesagentur für Arbeit. (2013). Triple Win: Indonesia. https://www.arbeitsagentur.de/vor-ort/zav/projects-programs/health-and-care/triple-win/indonesia

Boniol, M., Kunjumen, T., Nair, T. S., Siyam, A., Campbell, J., & Diallo, K. (2022). The global health workforce stock and distribution in 2020 and 2030: a threat to equity and “universal” health coverage?. BMJ Global Health, 7(6), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009316

BP2MI. (2023). BP2MI berpartisipasi dalam JCM Triple Win di Jerman. https://kp2mi.go.id/index.php/berita-detail/bp2mi-berpartisipasi-dalam-jcm-triple-win-di-jerman

BP2MI. (2024). Pengumuman Pendaftaran Penempatan Calon Kandidat Pekerja Migran Indonesia Perawat Program G to G di Jerman Batch V Tahun 2024. Jakarta: Badan Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. https://siskop2mi.bp2mi.go.id/pengumuman/detail/166

Brush, B. L., & Sochalski, J. (2007). International Nurse Migration. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 8(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527154407301393

Creswell J. W. (2011). Controversies in mixed methods research. In Denzin N. K., Lincoln Y. S. (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (4th ed., pp. 269-284). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. (2021). Triple Win Programme – Recruiting nurses from abroad sustainably. GIZ. https://www.giz.de/en/downloads/Factsheet_TripleWin_2021_en_.pdf

Efendi, F., Has, E. M. M., Pradipta, R. O., Houghty, G. S., Oda, H., & Tsujita, Y. (2024). Retention of international nurses in receiving country: Voices of Indonesian nurses in Japanese healthcare facilities. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 12(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.12.008

GIZ. (n.d.). Triple Win – Recruiting and Integrating Nursing Professionals from Abroad. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit. https://www.giz.de/en/expertise/economy-employment/skilled-labour-migration

Hariyanto, E. (2020). Pengangguran dan krisis ekonomi. Pusdiklat Keuangan Umum BPPK. https://klc2.kemenkeu.go.id/document/2020/10/6/1601946778481gdi/pengangguran_dan_krisis_ekonomi_-_edit_anes.pdf

Hocking, B. (2016). Diplomacy and foreign policy. In C. M. Constantinou, P. Kerr, & P. Sharp (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of diplomacy (pp. 67–78). SAGE Publications.

ILO. (2022). Guidance on bilateral labour migration agreements. United Nations Network on Migration. https://migrationnetwork.un.org/sites/g/files/tmzbdl416/files/resources_files/blma_guidance_final.pdf

International Monetary Fund. (2024). Indonesia: 2024 Article IV Consultation – Press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Indonesia (IMF Staff Country Report No. 2024/270). https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400284588.002

Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. (2023). Penduduk Berkualitas Menuju Indonesia Emas: Kebijakan Kependudukan Indonesia 2020–2050. Jakarta: Kementerian PPN/Bappenas. https://perpustakaan.bappenas.go.id/e-library/file_upload/koleksi/migrasi-data-publikasi/file/Policy_Paper/Buku%20Penduduk%20Berkualitas%20Menuju%20Indonesia%20Emas%20%20310522%20.pdf

Kementerian Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. (2024, 13 November). Gelar JCM 2024 program Triple Win G to G Jerman, Kementerian PPMI berharap perluasan peluang kerja. KP2MI. https://kp2mi.go.id/berita-detail/gelar-jcm-2024-program-triple-win-g-to-g-jerman-kementerian-ppmi-berharap-perluasan-peluang-kerja

Kurniati, A., Astari, L. D., Efendi, F., Haryanto, J., Indarwati, R., Mar'ah Has, E. M., Ulfiana, E., Puspitasari, I. T., Muryani, M., Dianawatisari, H., Khaulaha Rani, I. Y., & Kristyaningrum, L. D. (2020). Analisis Kebijakan Pemenuhan Pasar Kerja Tenaga Kesehatan di Tingkat Global. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Lepel, I. (2024, 15 Mei). Wawancara eksklusif Duta Besar Ina Lepel: Begini cara Jerman atasi kekurangan tenaga kerja terampil. Tempo.co. https://www.tempo.co/internasional/wawancara-eksklusif-duta-besar-ina-lepel-begini-cara-jerman-atasi-kekurangan-tenaga-kerja-terampil-59045

Marini, L., & Putri, N. T. (2019). Peluang terjadinya pengangguran di Provinsi Bengkulu: Seberapa besar? Convergence: The Journal of Economic Development, 1(2), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.33369/convergence-jep.v1i2.10900

Noack, K., dan Bilecen, B. (2024). "Covid has stopped us all": The experiences of migrant care workers in formal care settings in Germany. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 47(14), 2999–3020. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2024.2351633

Nursalam, Nursalam & Efendi, Ferry & Dang, Lan & sufyanti arief, Yuni. (2009). NURSING EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: TODAYS AND FUTURE TRENDS. 10.13140/RG.2.1.1697.3920.

Patricia, K. A., & Hidayatullah, N. L. (2026). Implementasi Triple Win Program: Keadilan Sosial dan Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Kesehatan Indonesia di Jerman. Journal of Humanity and Social Justice, 8(1), 57–79. https://doi.org/10.38026/jhsj.v8i1.91

Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia. (2025, 13 Juni). Cara mengatasi surplus perawat di Indonesia, demi pencapaian SDGs hingga tahun 2030. PPNI. https://ppni-inna.org/detail-berita/01nRR1

Sari, F. L. (2025, May 14). PHK capai 73.992 orang hingga Maret 2025, Apindo soroti krisis lapangan kerja. Katadata. https://katadata.co.id/berita/industri/68245fe50a759/phk-capai-73992-orang-hingga-maret-2025-apindo-soroti-krisis-lapangan-kerja

Siburian, E. S., Ginting, E. M., Syahfitri, M. D., & Purba, B. (2025). Bonus demografi sebagai peluang dan tantangan bagi Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 11(1.D), 123-128. https://jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/JIWP/article/view/9738

World Health Organization. (2025). State of the world’s nursing 2025 report (ISBN 978-92-4-011023-6). https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240110236




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/padjir.v8i2.66519

Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Terindeks Di:

 Google Scholar   Indonesia One SearchWorldCat Crossref  Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)