Physicochemical characteristics evaluation of commercial artificial saliva based on hydroxyethyl cellulose

Wening Pratiwi, Sri Tjahajawati, Faisal Kuswandani, Arif Budiman, Yuti Malinda

Abstract


ABSTRACT 

Introduction: Artificial saliva is used to manage xerostomia, a medical disorder primarily caused by impaired salivary gland function, by serving as a substitute for natural saliva. Because of its favorable viscosity and stability, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is frequently used as a thickening agent and lubricant in artificial saliva. Artificial saliva should be evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics to ensure that the formulation closely mimics natural saliva. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of HEC-based artificial saliva commercially available in Indonesia. Methods: Based on market availability, two artificial saliva products in liquid formulations were obtained and analyzed. Sample 1 was an HEC-based formulation with a combination of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and methylparaben, whereas sample 2 was an HEC-based formulation with Aloe vera and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). The physicochemical characteristics of the samples were evaluated based on chemical properties (pH and buffer capacity) and physical properties (viscosity, density, and surface tension). Results: The results showed that sample 1 had an average pH of 6.81±0.32, a buffer capacity of 0.288 mmol H+/L, a viscosity of 10.33 mPa.s, a density of 1.065 g/cm³, and a surface tension of 44.8 mN/m. Meanwhile, sample 2 had an average pH of 5.08±0.52, a buffer capacity of 0.158 mmol H+/L, a viscosity of 2.50 mPa.s, a density of 1.113 g/cm³, and a surface tension of 45.6 mN/m. Conclusion: This study found that sample 1 demonstrated chemical and physical characteristics more similar to natural saliva, whereas sample 2 had a lower pH, buffer capacity, and viscosity but a slightly higher density and surface tension.

KEY WORDS: Hydroxyethyl cellulose, artificial saliva, saliva substitute, physicochemical characteristics.

Evaluasi karakteristik fisikokimia air liur buatan komersial berbasis hidroksietil selulosa 

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Air liur buatan digunakan untuk mengobati xerostomia, suatu gangguan medis yang terutama disebabkan oleh gangguan kelenjar ludah, dengan menggantikan air liur alami. Karena viskositas dan stabilitasnya yang menguntungkan, hidroksietil selulosa (HEC) sering digunakan sebagai pengental dan pelumas dalam air liur buatan. Air liur buatan perlu dievaluasi dari segi karakteristik fisikokimia untuk memastikan bahwa formulasi tersebut menyerupai air liur alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik fisikokimia air liur buatan berbasis HEC yang tersedia secara komersial di Indonesia. Metode: Berdasarkan ketersediaan di pasaran, dua air liur buatan dalam formulasi cair diperoleh dan dianalisis. Sampel 1 adalah formulasi berbasis HEC dengan kombinasi polietilen glikol (PEG) dan metilparaben, sedangkan sampel 2 adalah formulasi berbasis HEC dengan lidah buaya dan setilpiridinium klorida (CPC). Karakteristik fisikokimia sampel diukur, baik sifat kimia (pH, kapasitas buffer) maupun sifat fisik (viskositas, densitas, tegangan permukaan) dievaluasi. (3) Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel 1 memiliki pH rerata 6,81±0,32, kapasitas buffer 0,288 mmol H+/L, viskositas 10,33 mPa.s, densitas 1,065 g/cm³, dan tegangan permukaan 44,8 mN/m. Sementara itu, sampel 2 memiliki pH rata-rata 5,08±0,52, kapasitas buffer 0,158 mmol H+/L, viskositas 2,50 mPa.s, densitas 1,113 g/cm³, dan tegangan permukaan 45,6 mN/m. (4) Simpulan: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sampel 1 menunjukkan karakteristik kimia dan fisik yang lebih mirip dengan air liur alami, sedangkan sampel 2 memiliki pH, kapasitas buffer, dan viskositas yang lebih rendah tetapi densitas dan tegangan permukaan yang sedikit lebih tinggi.

KATA KUNCI: Hidroksietil selulosa, air liur buatan, pengganti air liur, karakteristik fisikokimia.


Keywords


Hydroxyethyl cellulose, artificial saliva, saliva substitute, physicochemical characteristi; Hidroksietil selulosa, air liur buatan, pengganti air liur, karakteristik fisikokimia.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i2.70045

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i2.70045.g28411

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