Evaluasi Efektivitas Kebijakan Pelayanan Sosial Disabilitas Berbasis Network Governance

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Program Pelayanan Sosial Jejaring Masyarakat di Provinsi Lampung sebagai model network governance berbasis kearifan lokal untuk mengoprasionalkan penyandang disabilitas, namun pada pengoprasionalan pelayanan sosial masih jauh dari kata sejahtera. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi efektifitas kebijakan pelayanan sosial disabilitas berbasis network governance. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologis melalui teknik wawancara dengan pejabat dinas sosial, aparatur lapangn lintas sektor, dan disabilitas beserta keluarga yang meneria manfaat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya diskoneksi struktural  antara idealisme regulasi makro dan realitas operasional di lapangan. Meskipun program ini berhasil memobilisasi tata kelola network governance yang melibatkan 18 fasilitator untuk menjangkau 100 penerima manfaat, sitem keberlanjutannya lumpuh akibat pemangkasan anggaran lokus daerah secara drastis dari 15 kabupaten menjadi hanya 4 kabupaten pada tahun 2026. Yansos Jejama mengalami reduksi fungsional karena terjebak pada pendekatan medis-karitatif jangka pendek seperti pembagian sembako, obat-obatan, dan alat bantu. Kesimpulan penelitian bantuan material musiman gagal membangun kapasitas kemandirian ekonomi, melainkan membuat stigma kelompok disabilitas sebagai objek santunan. Pasca-kunjungan tim, penyandang disabilitas masih berhadapan dengan stigma struktural, pengucilan sosial, dan diskriminasi fisik di tengah masyarakat. Studi ini berkontribusi mendekonstruksi klaim keberhasilan administratif sepihak, sekaligus menegaskan bahwa efektivitas tata kelola pelayanan publik harus menyentuh dekonstruksi stigma kultural pada tingkat mikro-interaksional masyarakat.

Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Kebijakan, Yansos Jejama, Kesejahteraan Sosial, Penyandang Disabilitas, Lampung Timur, Network Governance.

ABSTRACT

The Community Network Social Services Program in Lampung Province is a network governance model based on local wisdom to operationalize people with disabilities, but the operationalization of social services is still far from being prosperous. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of network governance-based disability social service policies. The method used is qualitative with a sociological approach through interview techniques with social service officials, cross-sector field officials, and people with disabilities and families who receive benefits. The research results show that there is a structural disconnect between the idealism of macro regulation and the operational reality on the ground. Even though this program was successful in mobilizing network governance involving 18 facilitators to reach 100 beneficiaries, its sustainability system was paralyzed due to drastic regional budget cuts from 15 districts to only 4 districts in 2026. Yansos Jejama experienced a functional reduction because it was trapped in a short-term medical-charitative approach such as distributing basic necessities, medicines and assistive devices. The research conclusion is that seasonal material assistance fails to build the capacity for economic independence, but instead stigmatizes disability groups as objects of compensation. After the team's visit, people with disabilities still faced structural stigma, social exclusion and physical discrimination in society. This study contributes to deconstructing unilateral claims of administrative success, while emphasizing that the effectiveness of public service governance must touch on the deconstruction of cultural stigma at the micro-interactional level of society.

Keywords: Policy Evaluation, Yansos Jejama, Social Welfare, Persons with Disabilities, East Lampung. Network Governance.