Potensi kitosan kepiting rajungan (Portunus pelagicus)  dalam penghambatan pembentukan biofilm Porphyromonas gingivalis dan pertumbuhan Candida albicans  Potential of flower crab (Portunus pelagicus) chitosan in the inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans biofilm

Yoifah Rizka Wedarti; Laurencia Isabella Loekito; Fani Pangabdian; Dwi Andriani

doi:10.24198/pjdrs.v4i2.26636

Potensi kitosan kepiting rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) dalam penghambatan pembentukan biofilm Porphyromonas gingivalis dan pertumbuhan Candida albicans
Potential of flower crab (Portunus pelagicus) chitosan in the inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans biofilm

Yoifah Rizka Wedarti, Laurencia Isabella Loekito, Fani Pangabdian, Dwi Andriani

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Pembentukan biofilm sangat penting dalam patogenesis periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis merupakan bakteri yang banyak ditemukan pada plak gigi dan memiliki kemampuan membentuk biofilm demikian juga Candida albicans memiliki faktor virulensi yang dapat membantu kolonisasi dan proliferasi bakteri di dalam poket periodontal. Ekstrak kitosan kepiting rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) mempunyai potensi antimikrobial yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif terapi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi kitosan kepiting rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) dalam penghambatan biofilm Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Candida albicans. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimental murni. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak kitosan kepiting rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) terhadap biofilm Porphyromonas gingivalis dan biofilm Candida albicans. Dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, di mana tiap kelompok terdiri dari 4 sampel. Kelompok K+ (kelompok kontrol positif), P1(kitosan 0,25%), P2 (kitosan 0,5%), P3 (kitosan 1%). Penghambatan biofilm ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode microtiter plate yang menghasilkan nilai optical density kemudian dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus persen penghambatan. Analisis data menggunakan one-way ANOVA diikuti dengan uji LSD. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan penghambatan biofilm dari kitosan Portunus pelagicus terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis (p<0,05) antara kelompok, kecuali K + dengan P3. Sedangkan untuk penghambatan Candida albicans menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam persentase penghambatan biofilm (p<0,05), antara kelompok K+ dengan P2 dan P3; kelompok P1 dengan P2 dan P3; kelompok P2 dengan P3. Simpulan: Kitosan Portunus pelagicus memiliki potensi dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm Porphyromonas gingivalis dan pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Kitosan Portunus pelagicus 1% memiliki efek antimikrobial terbesar pada biofilm.

Kata kunci: Biofilm, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Candida albicans, kitosan portunus pelagicus, periodontitis.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Biofilm formation is important in periodontitis pathogenesis. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans, which are found in dental plaque and can form a biofilm, have virulence factor that facilitates the bacterial colonisation and proliferation in periodontal pockets. Chitosan extract of flower crab (Portunus pelagicus) has antimicrobial potential which can be used as an alternative therapy. The objective of this research was to analyse the potential of flower crab (Portunus pelagicus) chitosan in the inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans biofilms. Methods: This research was a pure experimental laboratory. This study used flower crab (Portunus pelagicus) chitosan to inhibit the biofilm formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans. The subjects were divided into four groups, where each group consisted of 4 samples. The K+ (positive control group), P1 (0.25% chitosan), P2 (0.5% chitosan), and P3 (1% chitosan). The biofilm inhibition was determined using the microtiter plate methods, which results in the value of optical density, then calculated using the inhibition formula percentage. Data analysis was conducted using the one-way ANOVA followed by the LSD test. Results: There were significant differences in the Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm inhibition between groups (p < 0.05), except in group K+ with P3. Whereas for Candida albicans biofilm inhibition showed no significant difference (p < 0.05) between group K+ with P2 and P3; group P1 with P2 and P3; and group P2 with P3. Conclusion: The chitosan of flower crab (Portunus pelagicus) has the potential in inhibiting the biofilm formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans. The highest antibacterial effect on the biofilm formation is shown in the concentration of 1%.

Keywords: Biofilm, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Candida albicans, chitosan, Portunus pelagicus, periodontitis.

Keywords

Biofilm; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Candida albicans; kitosan; Portunus pelagicus; periodontitis; chitosan

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v4i2.26636