Hubungan kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi dengan persepsi orang tua terhadap maloklusi pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum disorder usia 6-18 tahun     The relationship between first dental visit and perception  parents against malocclusion in children with  Autism Spectrum Disorder 6-18 years old

Safira Meita Hapsari; Syaina Azzahra; Alfini Octavia

doi:10.24198/pjdrs.v6i2.38622

Hubungan kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi dengan persepsi orang tua terhadap maloklusi pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum disorder usia 6-18 tahun
The relationship between first dental visit and perception parents against malocclusion in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder 6-18 years old

Safira Meita Hapsari, Syaina Azzahra, Alfini Octavia

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA) merupakan gangguan kejiwaan heterogen yang terjadi seumur hidup ditandai dengan gangguan perilaku sosial, komunikasi, dan bahasa serta pembatasan minat dan aktivitas secara bersamaan. Anak dengan GSA biasanya menunjukkan perilaku yang negatif pada perawatan gigi karena keterbatasan yang dimilikinya, akibatnya perawatan gigi yang seharusnya dapat dilakukan menjadi terhambat. Tujuan Penelitian: mengetahui hubungan kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi dengan persepsi terhadap maloklusi pada anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme di Yogyakarta. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan studi potong lintang (cross sectional study). Subjek penelitian adalah 41 anak dengan GSA yang berasal dari SLB Bina Anggita, SLB Citra Mulia Mandiri, SLB Dharma Rena Ring Putra II, SLB Negeri 1 Bantul, SLB Samara Bunda, dan SLB Tegar Harapan. Pengalaman kunjungan ke dokter gigi dan kondisi maloklusi-estetik gigi dan mulut pada anak dengan GSA dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Spearman. Hasil: Hasil Uji Spearman menunjukkan nilai koefisisen korelasi sebesar 0,083 (p<0,05) yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara kunjungan ke dokter gigi dengan maloklusi pada anak GSA. Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara kunjungan pertama ke dokter gigi dengan maloklusi pada anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme di Yogyakarta.

Kata kunci: Gangguan spektrum autisme, Maloklusi, Kunjungan pertama

ABSTRACT

Introduction: : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong heterogeneous psychiatric disorder characterized by disturbances in social behavior, communication, and language as well as restrictions on interests and activities simultaneously. Children with ASD usually show negative behavior in dental care because of their limitations, as a result, dental care that should be able to be done is hampered. The high level of dental and oral problems in children with ASD is due to the lack of awareness of visiting the dentist. The most common oral condition in ASD children is malocclusion. The study was aimed To determine the association between the first visit to the dentist and malocclusion aesthetically in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Yogyakarta. Methods: This type of research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional study. The subjects of the study were 41 children with ASD that randomly choosen by cluster sampling method that represent the children from Bina Anggita Special School, Citra Mulia Mandiri Special School, Dharma Rena Ring Putra II Special School, Bantul State Special School 1, Samara Bunda Special School, and Tegar Harapan Special School. The experience of visiting the dentist and the aesthetic condition of the teeth and mouth in children with ASD were collected by the questionnaire then analyzed through the Spearman test. Results: The results of the Spearman test showed a correlation coefficient of 0.083 (p<0.05), which means there is no correlation between visits to dentist and the aesthetics condition of the teeth and mouth in ASD children. Conclusions: There is no correlation between the aesthetic condition and the age of visits to the dentist in children with ASD.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, Malocclusion, First visit

Keywords

Gangguan spektrum autisme; Maloklusi; Kunjungan pertama; Autism spectrum disorder; Malocclusion; First visit

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v6i2.38622