MODEL SINERGI UNSUR PENTAHELIKS PARIWISATA DALAM PENGELOLAAN DESTINASI WISATA KOTA PAREPARE DAN KABUPATEN BONE
Abstract
Menteri Pariwisata Republik Indonesia menggunakan istilah pentaheliks pariwisata yang terdiri dari academics, business, government, community, media (ABGCM) untuk mendorong keterlibatan stakeholder dalam program pengembangan destinasi wisata. Namun, belum terdapat data empiris mengenai bagaimana sinergi yang terbangun antara unsur pentaheliks pariwisata di Sulawesi Selatan. Karena itu, dibutuhkan model sinergi yang dapat menjadi panduan dalam mengelola potensi pariwisata daerah dalam menunjang tercapainya destinasi unggulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) mengidentifikasi kondisi faktual sinergi yang terbangun dan faktor-faktor yang menghambat sinergi unsur pentaheliks pariwisata; 2) mengusulkan model yang dapat diterapkan dalam pengelolaan destinasi wisata dalam perspektif sinergi pentaheliks pariwisata. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Parepare dan Kabupaten Bone, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan pada 2017 dengan metode pengumpulan data kualitatif melalui wawancara dan participant observation. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan konsep stakeholder dalam menganalisis data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sinergi pentaheliks pariwisata telah terbangun meskipun program kerja bidang pariwisata lebih didominasi oleh pemerintah daerah. Keterlibatan pentaheliks pariwisata sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung program pengembangan pariwisata daerah. Faktor-faktor seperti implementasi otonomi daerah, kurangnya pemahaman teknologi dan pariwisata oleh beberapa pentaheliks pariwisata serta lemahnya upaya kreatif dan inovatif di bidang pariwisata menjadi tantangan dalam pengelolaan destinasi wisata. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan tiga model manajemen destinasi wisata yakni implementasi tata kelola destinasi wisata (DMO) model pemerintah, model kawasan pariwisata percontohan dan strategi atau model go digital.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v21i1.17016
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