Analisis Flavonoid pada Fraksi Hasil Hidrolisat Ekstrak Daun  Cordia sebestena L.

Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti; Endang Hanani; Rini Mardiyanti

doi:10.24198/ijpst.v11i1.38849

Analisis Flavonoid pada Fraksi Hasil Hidrolisat Ekstrak Daun Cordia sebestena L.

Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Endang Hanani, Rini Mardiyanti

Abstrak

Cordia sebestena L. (Boraginaceae) atau Cordia merupakan tanaman hias dengan kandungan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis senyawa flavonoid pada fraksi hasil hidrolisat ekstrak etanol 70% daun Cordia. Penelitian terbagi menjadi 7 tahapan, yaitu (1) maserasi daun menggunakan etanol 70%, (2) hidrolisis asam pada ekstrak dengan HCl 2N pada 95 °C selama 2 jam, (3) fraksinasi hidrolisat dengan etil asetat, (4) penentuan kadar flavonoid total dengan kolorimetri, (5) pengujian aktivitas antiradikal terhadap 2,2’-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), (6) pemisahan flavonoid menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), dan (7) identifikasi flavonoid menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan infra merah. Hasil menunjukan kadar flavonoid total fraksi etil asetat sebesar 8,20 mgQE/g dengan nilai IC₅₀ terhadap radikal DPPH sebesar 296,91 µg/mL. Kromatogram KLT menunjukkan keberadaan satu bercak senyawa pada fraksi etil asetat dengan nilai hRf adalah 85,5. Hasil spektrum UV-Vis pada bercak tersebut diperoleh serapan pada 340 nm (pita I) dan 240 nm (pita II). Sedangkan spektrum infra merah menunjukan adanya sinyal pada 3363 cm^-1 (O-H ulur), 1727 cm^-1 (C=O), 1459 cm^-1 (cincin aromatik) dan 1060 cm^-1 kuat (C-O). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat hidrolisat ekstrak etanol daun Cordia mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang mirip dengan kelompok kalkon.

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi

Hanani E, Soewandi SHW, Hayati, Revita N. Pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical evaluation of Cordia sebestena L. Pharmacogn J. 2019;11(5):1100–5.

Adeosun CB, Bamigbade O l., Osho A, Atolani O. Volatile Composition of the Leaf, Flower and Fruit of Cordia sebestena (L.). J Essent Oil-Bearing Plants. 2015;18(4):976–81.

Osho A, Otuechere CA, Adeosun CB, Oluwagbemi T, Atolani O. Phytochemical, sub-acute toxicity, and antibacterial evaluation of Cordia sebestena leaf extracts. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2015;27(2):163–70.

Sunaryo H, Siska S, Hanani E, Anindita RS, Yanti N, Lisa. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Cordia sebestena L. Eur Pharm J. 2020;66(2):26–31.

Hikmawanti NPE, Hanani E, Sapitri Y, Ningrum W. Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Extracts of Cordia sebestena L. Leaves. Pharmacogn J. 2020;12(6):1311–6.

Prakash S, Elavarasan N, Subashini K, Kanaga S, Dhandapani R, Sivanandam M, et al. Isolation of hesperetin - A flavonoid from Cordia sebestena flower extract through antioxidant assay guided method and its antibacterial, anticancer effect on cervical cancer via in vitro and in silico molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct [Internet]. 2020;1207:127751. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127751

Awouafack MD, Tane P, Morita H. Isolation and Structure Characterization of Flavonoids. In: Flavonoids - From Biosynthesis to Human Health. Intech; 2017. p. 45–59.

Bian Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Feng XS. Progress in the Pretreatment and Analysis of Flavonoids: An Update since 2013. Sep Purif Rev [Internet]. 2022;51(1):11–37. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2020.1801469

Stalikas CD. Extraction, separation, and detection methods for phenolic acids and flavonoids. J Sep Sci. 2007;30(18):3268–95.

Nuutila AM, Kammiovirta K, Oksman-Caldentey KM. Comparison of methods for the hydrolysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids from onion and spinach for HPLC analysis. Food Chem. 2002;76(4):519–25.

Heim KE, Tagliaferro AR, Bobilya DJ. Flavonoid antioxidants: Chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships. J Nutr Biochem. 2002;13(10):572–84.

Tapas AR, Sakarkar DM, Kakde RB. Flavonoids as Nutraceuticals: A Review. Trop J Pharm Res. 2008;7(3):1089–99.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Farmakope Herbal Indonesia (FHI). 2nd ed. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2017.

Hanani E. Analisis Fitokimia. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2015. 34–45 p.

Irianti T, Murti YB, Kanistri DN, Pratiwi DR, Kuswandi, Kusumaningtyas RA. DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity of Aqueous Fraction from Ethanolic Extract of Talok Fruit (Muntingia calabura L.). Tradit Med J. 2016;21(1):38–47.

Chang C-C, Yang M-H, Wen H-M, Chern J-C. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colometric methods. J Food Drug Anal. 2002;10(3):178–82.

Batool R, Khan MR, Sajid M, Ali S, Zahra Z. Estimation of phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant potencies of Brachychiton populneus (Schott & Endl.) R. Br. BMC Chem. 2019;13(32):1–15.

Tiwari, Prashant; Kumar, Bimlesh; Kaur, Mandeep; Kaur, Gurpreet; Kaur H. Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review. Int Pharm Sci. 2011;1(1):98–106.

Houghton PJ, Raman A. Laboratory Handbook for the Fractionation of Natural Extracts. 1st ed. Laboratory Handbook for the Fractionation of Natural Extracts. Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.; 1998. 14–16, 24–31, 39–52 p.

Khoddami A, Wilkes MA, Roberts TH. Techniques for analysis of plant phenolic compounds. Molecules. 2013;18(2):2328–75.

Pękal A, Pyrzynska K. Evaluation of Aluminium Complexation Reaction for Flavonoid Content Assay. Food Anal Methods. 2014;7(9):1776–82.

Tirzitis G, Bartosz G. Determination of antiradical and antioxidant activity: basic principles and new insights. Acta Biochim Pol. 2010;57(1):139–42.

Dai J, Mumper RJ. Plant phenolics: Extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules. 2010;15:7313–52.

Huyut Z, Beydemir F., Gülçin E. Antioxidant and Antiradical Properties of Selected Flavonoids and Phenolic Compounds. Biochem Res Int. 2017;2017:1–10.

Sharma B, Agrawal SC, Gupta KC. Colour reactions of chalcones and their mechanism (A review). Orient J Chem. 2008;24(1):289–94.

Altemimi A, Lakhssassi N, Baharlouei A, Watson DG, Lightfoot DA. Phytochemicals: Extraction, Isolation, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Extracts. Plants. 2017;6(42).

Aksöz BE, Ertan R. Spectral properties of chalcones II. Fabad J Pharm Sci. 2012;37(4):205–16.

Salehi B, Quispe C, Chamkhi I, El Omari N, Balahbib A, Sharifi-Rad J, et al. Pharmacological Properties of Chalcones: A Review of Preclinical Including Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence. Front Pharmacol. 2021;11(January).

Hikmawanti NPE, Hayati, Andriyani Y. Kadar Flavonoid Total pada Ekstrak Hidro-etanolik Daun Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr dari Tiga Daerah dengan Ketinggian yang Berbeda. J Jamu Indones. 2021;6(2):61–7.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v11i1.38849