Differences in the effectiveness of chlorhexidine mouthwash with and without cetylpyridinium chloride in the healing of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: an experimental study

Fierda Ayu Kania, Nanan Nur'aeny, Endang Sjamsudin

Abstract


Introduction:Minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common type of oral ulcer. Topical antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine, are commonly used as first-line therapy to promote ulcer healing. However, the use of chlorhexidine in the oral cavity may be associated with adverse effects, leading to the development of combinations with other antiseptics, such as cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). This study aimed to analyze the differences in the effectiveness of chlorhexidine with and without CPC in reducing ulcer size and pain among patients with minor RAS. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental method with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design and a double-blind approach involving 32 subjects, divided into two groups. Group I received a mouthwash containing a combination of chlorhexidine and CPC, while Group II received chlorhexidine mouthwash alone. Ulcer size was measured using a periodontal probe, and pain levels were assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline (Day 1) and on Days 3 and 7 after the intervention. Results: There was a decrease in ulcer size and pain intensity in both groups from day 1 to day 7, with no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). However, the chlorhexidine + CPC group showed a lower mean ulcer size on day 7 compared to the chlorhexidine group. Conclusion: The use of chlorhexidine mouthwash, with or without CPC demonstrated comparable effectiveness in reducing ulcer size and pain in patients with minor RAS.


Perbedaan efektivitas obat kumur klorheksidin dengan dan tanpa cetylpyridinium chloride dalam penyembuhan stomatitis aftosa rekuren tipe minor: studi eksperimental



Pendahuluan:  Stomatitis aftosa rekuren (SAR) tipe minor merupakan ulser pada mulut yang paling sering dijumpai. Terapi awal yang dapat digunakan adalah antiseptik topikal seperti klorheksidin yang dapat membantu proses penyembuhan. Penggunaan klorheksidin di rongga mulut dapat menimbulkan efek samping, sehingga dikembangkan kombinasi dengan antiseptik lain seperti cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan efektivitas klorheksidin dengan dan tanpa CPC dalam mengurangi ukuran dan nyeri ulser pada pasien SAR tipe minor. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan desain randomized controlled trial (RCT) dan double blind pada 32 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok I menerima obat kumur kombinasi klorheksidin dan CPC, sedangkan kelompok II menerima obat kumur klorheksidin. Ukuran ulser diukur menggunakan periodontal probe dan tingkat nyeri dinilai dengan visual analog scale (VAS) pada hari ke-1, serta hari ke-3 dan ke-7 pasca intervensi. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan ukuran ulser dan tingkat rasa nyeri pada kedua kelompok dari hari ke-1 hingga hari ke-7 tanpa perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok (p>0,05). Namun, kelompok kombinasi klorheksidin dan CPC menunjukkan rata-rata ukuran ulser yang lebih rendah pada hari ke-7 dibandingkan kelompok klorheksidin. Simpulan: Penggunaan obat kumur klorheksidin dengan dan tanpa CPC memiliki efektivitas yang serupa dalam mengurangi ukuran ulser dan rasa nyeri pada pasien SAR tipe minor. 

Keywords


Recurrent aphthous stomatitis, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, mouthwash, topical antiseptic

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v38i1.64962

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