Critical Factors Influencing the Implementation of Digital Government: The Case of Population Administration Service

Rahmad Hidayat

doi:10.24198/jmpp.v9i3.64366

Critical Factors Influencing the Implementation of Digital Government: The Case of Population Administration Service

Rahmad Hidayat

Abstrak

Digital-based public services, also known as digital government services, refer to systems that governments implement to increase accessibility and efficiency in providing information services and to achieve good governance. This research examined the critical factors that influence the implementation of digital government, particularly in population administration services. A questionnaire survey was distributed to 500 respondents who use digital government. SEM-PLS was used to analyze the collected data. The results of this research indicate that the theoretical contribution can be summarized as follows: Human Resource Capacity, Regulation, Infrastructure, Finance, Information and Communication Technology have a positive and significant influence on implementing digital government. This demonstrated that these four variables are crucial in implementing digital government in Indonesia. Then, four variables do not have a positive and significant influence, which may not be essential in implementing digital government. The following are some practical consequences of the findings of this study. First, to implement digital government, there must be good regulatory support, infrastructure that can allocate the budget, and strong ICT. The central government must encourage the implementation of digital government so that it is carried out evenly.

Kata Kunci

Critical Factors; Digital Goverenment; Population Administration Services

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi

Apleni, A., & Smuts, H. (2020). An e-Government Implementation Framework : A Developing Country Case Study (Vol. 2). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1

Artanty Utami, Ashari, Denny Rakhmad Widi, S. M., & Afiffudin, M. S. H. (2025). THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN. 8(1), 1342–1352.

Baheer, B. A., Lamas, D., & Sousa, S. (2020). A systematic literature review on existing digital government architectures: State-of-the-art, challenges, and prospects. Administrative Sciences, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci10020025

Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ Leader, 5(1), 3–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/leader-2020-000296

Bhattacharyya, D. S., Dutta, G. K., Nowrin, I., Shafique, S., & Islam, Z. (2021). Implementing a digital human resources management tool in the government health sector in Bangladesh : a policy content analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-07304-4

Boestam, A. B., Prakosa, A., & Avianto, B. N. (2023). Upaya Partai Politik Dalam Memanfaatkan Demokrasi Virtual Di Era Digital. Jurnal Pustaka Komunikasi, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.32509/pustakom.v6i1.2281

Brockhaus, J., Buhmann, A., & Zerfass, A. (2023). Digitalization in corporate communications: understanding the emergence and consequences of CommTech and digital infrastructure. Corporate Communications, 28(2), 274–292. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-03-2022-0035

Cammaerts, B., & Mansell, R. (2020). Digital Platform Policy and Regulation: Toward a Radical Democratic Turn. International Journal of Communication, 14, 135–154.

Castelnovo, W., & Sorrentino, M. (2018). The digital government imperative: a context-aware perspective. Public Management Review, 20(5), 709–725. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2017.1305693

Cetina Presuel, R., & Martinez Sierra, J. M. (2024). The Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Bureaucratic Decision-making: A Weberian Perspective. Digital Government: Research and Practice, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1145/3609861

Chen, Z., Tang, Y., Shen, H., Liu, J., & Hu, Z. (2024). Threshold effects of Government digital development and land resource disparity on Urban carbon efficiency in China. Resources Policy, 94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105107

Cusumano, M. A., Gawer, A., & Yoffie, D. B. (2021). Can self-regulation save digital platforms? Industrial and Corporate Change, 30(5), 1259–1285. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtab052

Danar, O. R. (2024). Digital transformation of Indonesian administration and bureaucratic system. International Journal of Electronic Governance, 16(2), 152–171. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEG.2024.140789

de Almeida, P. G. R., dos Santos, C. D., & Farias, J. S. (2021). Artificial Intelligence Regulation: a framework for governance. Ethics and Information Technology, 23(3), 505–525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-021-09593-z

Divi, S., Dash, D. N., & Sahoo, M. K. (2024). Problems and Challenges of Indian Rural Local Governments in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: An Analysis of the Viable Perspectives. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 19(7), 2455–2464. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.190703

Fernandez-Monge, F., Barns, S., Kattel, R., & Bria, F. (2024). Reclaiming data for improved city governance: Barcelona’s New Data Deal. Urban Studies, 61(7), 1291–1307. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231204835

Gintova, M. (2024). Understanding public servants’ perspectives on return to office and digital government: lessons learned from Canada. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 18(1), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-07-2023-0091

Gürler, S., Cavusoglu, B., Ozdamli, F., Mousa, K. M., & Baykan, H. (2024). Mobile Government Use and Crisis Management: The Moderating Role of Techno-Skepticism. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16124904

Herdiansah, A. G., & Sumadinata, W. S. (2019). Indonesia’s political culture in the new digital age: A preliminary discussion. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 32(4), 378. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v32i42019.378-389

Hermana, B., & Silfianti, W. (2011). Evaluating E-government Implementation by Local Government : Digital Divide in Internet Based Public Services in Indonesia. 2(3), 156–163.

Intalar, N., Ueki, Y., & Jeenanunta, C. (2024). Enhancing Competitiveness: Driving and Facilitating Factors for Industry 4.0 Adoption in Thai Manufacturing. Economies, 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies12080210

Janssen, M., Rana, N. P., Slade, E. L., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2018). Trustworthiness of digital government services: deriving a comprehensive theory through interpretive structural modelling. Public Management Review, 20(5), 647–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2017.1305689

Kemal, A. A., & Shah, M. H. (2024). Digital innovation in social cash organizations – the effects of the institutional interactions for transforming organizational practices. Information Technology and People, 37(5), 2092–2126. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-02-2023-0176

Kurniawan, C., Pribadi, U., & Iqbal, M. (2023). the Role of E-Governance in Improving Local Governments Performance (Case Study: Sumbawa Regency). Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 11(3), 1139–1154. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v11i3.795

Larsson, S., & Heintz, F. (2020). Transparency in artificial intelligence. Internet Policy Review, 9(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.14763/2020.2.1469

Li, X., Wang, Q., & Tang, Y. (2024). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Development on Urban Energy Efficiency—Based on the Perspective of Smart City Policy. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083200

Liva, G., Codagnone, C., Misuraca, G., Gineikyte, V., & Barcevicius, E. (2020). Exploring digital government transformation: A literature review. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, February 2021, 502–509. https://doi.org/10.1145/3428502.3428578

Manajemen, J., Publik, P., Dione, F., & Saribulan, N. (2025). Determining Factors of Digital Public Service Management Implementation Policy at Subdistrict Level in South Jakarta City. 09(02).

Marcovecchio, I. (2021). Digital Government as Implementation Means for Sustainable Development Goals. 6(3), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJPADA.2019070101

Maryuni, S. (2024). PIONIRS : Implementation of Public Service Innovation Policy to Promote E-Government System in Pontianak City Government , West Kalimantan. 08(03).

Muhammad Adil, Mediaty, & Haliah. (2022). Accountability and Transparency in the Public and Private Sector. International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 1(6), 857–862. https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v1i6.167

Munoz, L., Mascagni, G., Prichard, W., & ... (2022). Should governments tax digital financial services? A research agenda to understand sector-specific taxes on DFS. … Centre for Tax and …, February. https://ideas.repec.org/p/idq/ictduk/17171.html

Ngozi Samuel Uzougbo, Chinonso Gladys Ikegwu, & Adefolake Olachi Adewusi. (2024). Legal accountability and ethical considerations of AI in financial services. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 19(2), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.19.2.0171

Overman, S., & Schillemans, T. (2022). Toward a Public Administration Theory of Felt Accountability. Public Administration Review, 82(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13417

Pei, P., Zhang, S., & Zhou, G. (2024). Digital Inclusive Finance, Spatial Spillover Effects and Relative Rural Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from China. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 17(3), 1129–1160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-024-09580-z

Pérez-Durán, I. (2024). Twenty-five years of accountability research in public administration: Authorship, themes, methods, and future trends. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 90(3), 546–562. https://doi.org/10.1177/00208523231211751

Prakosa, B. G., Guritno, D. C., Anindita, T., Kurniawan, M., & Nugroho, A. C. (2024). Correlation among components of the Indonesian industry readiness index 4.0 and its implementation on socioeconomic along with the demographic aspects. Digital Transformation and Society, 3(3), 296–309. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTS-08-2023-0063

Punchihewa, D. J. (2018). The Measurement of e-Government Readiness in Sri Lanka : Survey Perspectives From Policy to Reality Proceedings of the 2 nd International Conference Colombo (Issue October).

Ramli, T. S., Ramli, A. M., Lestari, M. A., & Bernadette, A. N. T. (2024). Indonesia’s latest regulation in telecommunications to support broadband services and conductive investment. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(10). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i10.6449

Risman, A., Mulyana, B., Silvatika, B. A., & Sulaeman, A. S. (2021). The effect of digital finance on financial stability. Management Science Letters, 11, 1979–1984. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2021.3.012

Rodon Modol, J., & Eaton, B. (2021). Digital infrastructure evolution as generative entrenchment: The formation of a core–periphery structure. In Journal of Information Technology (Vol. 36, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1177/02683962211013362

Sablić, M., & Mirosavljević, A. (2024). Implementing Flipped Classroom in the Digital Learning Environment. Education and Self Development, 19(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.19.1.04

Salakhova, V. B., Erofeeva, M. A., Pronina, E. V., Belyakova, N. V., Zaitseva, N. A., & Ishmuradova, I. I. (2021). State regulation and development of digital educational platforms. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 13(4), 956–966. https://doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v13i4.6282

Sari, A. L., Irwandi, Hoerudin, C. W., Nurjaman, K., Maolani, D. Y., & Hikmat. (2024). Information Access and Social Inequality: Economic Impacts of Digital Resource Availability in Public Libraries. Library Progress International, 44(3), 10905–10913. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85206273528&partnerID=40&md5=246685f661b1cf500a2e60a44629fb78

Schindler, S., Alami, I., DiCarlo, J., Jepson, N., Rolf, S., Bayırbağ, M. K., Cyuzuzo, L., DeBoom, M., Farahani, A. F., Liu, I. T., McNicol, H., Miao, J. T., Nock, P., Teri, G., Vila Seoane, M. F., Ward, K., Zajontz, T., & Zhao, Y. (2024). The Second Cold War: US-China Competition for Centrality in Infrastructure, Digital, Production, and Finance Networks. Geopolitics, 29(4), 1083–1120. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2023.2253432

Tan, S., Li, W., Liu, X., Wang, Y., & Wang, M. (2024). Exploring paths underpinning the implementation of municipal waste sorting: Evidence from China. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2024.107510

Tavmen, G. (2024). “Open data means business”: Infrastructural and economic implications of opening up data in smart London. Digital Geography and Society, 7, 100098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diggeo.2024.100098

Trisiana, A., Priyanto, A., & Sutoyo. (2024). An Analysis of the development anti-corruption education in Indonesia through media-based citizenship education using smart mobile civic learning. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 43(1), 166–175. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v43i1.60261

Tskhadadze, K. (2024). E-Government Implementation on the Example of Georgia. TalTech Journal of European Studies , 14(1), 253–270. https://doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2024-0012

Ummah, A., & Maryam, Siti, D. T. S. W. (2022). E-Government Implementation to Support Digital Village in Indonesia: Evidence from Cianjur Village, Bogor Regency Aniqotul. 245–259.

Verbovaya, O., Ashyraliyeva, B., Kaliyeva, G., Salimbayeva, Z., & Sagalbayeva, R. (2024). Reforming National Law in the Context of Digital Transformation: Key Challenges and Prospects for Development. Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicacoes, 16(1), 278–302. https://doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v16i1.48168

Wahyuni, H. I., Fitrah, A. A., Eprilianto, D. F., & Mardalena, I. (2024). Technology, transparency, and collaboration/integration: Analysis of digital government problems from public communication perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Information Polity, 29(1), 93–111. https://doi.org/10.3233/IP-211545

Wairiuko, J. W., & Nyonje, R. (2018). Human Resource Capacity and Adoption of E-Government for Improved Service Delivery in Kajiado County , Kenya. 9(10), 94–110. https://doi.org/10.30845/ijbss.v9n10p10

Wang, M., Ding, X., & Cheng, P. (2024). Exploring the income impact of rural e-commerce comprehensive demonstration project and determinants of county selection. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03785-w

Yasa, N. N. K., Ekawati, N. W., Rahmayanti, P. L. D., & Tirtayani, I. G. A. (2024). The role of Tri Hita Karana-based business strategy and digital marketing to improve sustainable business performance. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(1), 629–640. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.8.022

Zhang, M., & Kaur, M. (2024). Toward a theory of e-government: Challenges and opportunities, a literature review. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(10). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i10.7707

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v9i3.64366