Prevalensi anomali gigi pada Down syndrome : scoping review

Auliya Yasyfi Riyadi; Willyanti Soewondo; Eriska Riyanti

doi:10.24198/pjdrs.v9i1.57122

Prevalensi anomali gigi pada Down syndrome : scoping review

Auliya Yasyfi Riyadi, Willyanti Soewondo, Eriska Riyanti

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Down syndrome terjadi karena adanya kromosom berlebih pada kromosom 21 sehingga berjumlah 47 kromosom. Down syndrome memiliki karakteristik khusus dan terjadinya anomali gigi merupakan kelainan oral yang sering terjadi pada Down syndrome. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan prevalensi anomali gigi pada Down syndrome dengan metode scoping review. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode scoping review. Pencarian literatur menggunakan kata kunci pada beberapa search engines seperti Pubmed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar. Penapisan literatur menggunakan analisis PRISMA-ScR dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil: 25 artikel ditemukan pada penelitian ini. Berbagai macam anomali gigi seperti anomali jumlah, ukuran, struktur, bentuk dan erupsi ditemukan pada penelitian ini. Prevalensi anomali gigi pada Down syndrome yang ditemukan berkisar 50.47-94%. Masing-masing jenis anomali gigi memiliki prevalensi, agenesis 31-83.3%, hipodonsia 1-88%, oligodonsia 3-50%, supernumerer 3.8-10.17%, mikrodonsia 13-81.5%, makrodonsia 0.6-2.85%, erupsi terlambat hingga 31%, hipoplasia 2-45%, hipokalsifikasi 2.3-26%, molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) 27.1%, diskolorisasi 1.72%, flurosis 16.7%, amelogenesis imperfecta dan dentinogenesis imperfecta dengan masing-masing prevalensi 1%, taurodontism hingga 81%, serta anomali gigi lainnya pada seperti talon cusp, conic teeth, fusi, dens evaginatus, double teeth, peg lateral, root dilacaration dengan nilai prevalensi dari 0.95% hingga 22%. Simpulan: Berbagai macam anomali gigi sering terjadi pada individu Down syndrome. Anomali gigi yang sering terjadi yaitu hipodonsia, mikrodonsia, supernumerer, erupsi terlambat, hipoplasia, hipokalsifikasi, makrodonsia, dan taurodontism.

KATA KUNCI: anomali gigi, Down syndrome, prevalensi

Prevalence of dental anomalies on down syndrome : scoping review

ABSTRAK

Introduction: Down syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, resulting in a total of 47 chromosomes. Down syndrome is associated with distinct characteristics, and dental anomalies are among the most common oral disorders observed in affected individuals. This study aims to describe the prevalence of dental anomalies in individuals with Down syndrome using the scoping review method. Methods: This study was conducted using the scoping review method. A literature search was performed using keywords in several databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The literature screening process followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and applied predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 25 articles were included in this study. This study identified various dental anomalies, including those related to number, size, structure, shape, and eruption. The prevalence of dental anomalies in individuals with Down syndrome ranged from 50.47-94%. The prevalence of each type of dental anomaly was as follows: agenesis (31-83.3%), hypodontia (1-88%), oligodontia (3-50%), supernumerary (3.8-10.17%), microdontia (13-81.5%), macrodontia (0.6-2.85%), delayed eruption (up to 31%), hypoplasia (2-45%), hypocalcification (2.3-26%), molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) (27.1%), discoloration (1.72%), fluorosis (16.7%), amelogenesis imperfecta (1%), dentinogenesis imperfecta (1%), abd taurodontism (up to 81%). Other anomalies, including talon cusp, conical teeth, fusion, dens evaginatus, double teeth, lateral pegs, root dilaceration, exhibited prevalence rates ranging from 0.95% to 22%. Conclusion: A wide range of dental anomalies is commonly observed in individuals with Down syndrome. The most frequently reported dental anomalies include hypodontia, microdontia, supernumerary, late eruption, hypoplasia, hypocalcification, macrodontia, and taurodontism.

KEY WORDS: dental anomalies, Down syndrome, prevalence

Keywords

anomali gigi; Down syndrome; prevalensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v9i1.57122