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Stabilisasi Elektrostatik Pickering Emulsion Berbasis CNC–Kitosan dan Minyak Biji Kelor sebagai Edible Coating pada Buah Tomat
Abstract
Stabilitas dan sifat antarmuka emulsi pickering berperan penting dalam menentukan efektivitas edible coating untuk mengendalikan susut bobot buah pascapanen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan emulsi Pickering berbasis kompleks selulosa nanokristalin–kitosan (CNC–kitosan) dan minyak biji kelor, serta mengevaluasi keterkaitan sifat fisikokimia emulsi terhadap penurunan susut bobot tomat selama penyimpanan. Emulsi diformulasikan dengan variasi rasio minyak:air yaitu 1:1 (NCM1), 1:2 (NCM2), dan 1:3 (NCM3) dan dikarakterisasi berdasarkan potensial zeta, sudut kontak, viskositas, indeks emulsifikasi (EI), dan indeks kriming (CI). Struktur antarmuka dianalisis menggunakan SEM. Emulsi diaplikasikan sebagai edible coating pada tomat, dan susut bobot diamati selama 15 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan komposisi emulsi secara signifikan memengaruhi stabilitas dan sifat antarmuka. Emulsi NCM2 menunjukkan performa terbaik dengan sudut kontak tertinggi (105,6°), EI stabil, CI terendah, serta lapisan antarmuka yang lebih rigid, sehingga menghasilkan susut bobot tomat terendah, yaitu sekitar 12,6% pada hari ke-15. Emulsi NCM3 juga stabil akibat viskositas dan repulsi elektrostatik yang tinggi, namun efektivitasnya sedikit lebih rendah dibanding NCM2. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa rigiditas antarmuka lebih menentukan performa edible coating dibandingkan stabilitas koloid semata dan berpotensi memperpanjang umur simpan tomat.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jt.vol20n2.12
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