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Kelainan variasi normal lidah yang dipicu makanan pedas dan panas pada pasien dengan kondisi anemia Abnormalities in normal tongue variation triggered by hot and spicy food in anaemic patients | Fitriasari | Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Kelainan variasi normal lidah yang dipicu makanan pedas dan panas pada pasien dengan kondisi anemia

Abnormalities in normal tongue variation triggered by hot and spicy food in anaemic patients

Nuri Fitriasari, Tenny Setiani Dewi, Etis Duhita Rahayuningtyas

Abstract


Pendahuluan: Lidah dalam filosofi medis dipercaya sebagai barometer kesehatan rongga mulut maupun tubuh secara keseluruhan. Permukaan mukosa lidah kadang memperlihatkan gambaran yang berbeda dari kondisi normal sehingga disebut variasi normal. Geographic tongue dan fissured tongue merupakan suatu variasi normal yang asimptomatik namun dapat menjadi simptomatik ketika dipengaruhi suatu kebiasaan baru yang bersifat mengiritasi seperti setiap hari mengkonsumsi makanan yang memiliki rasa pedas yang ekstrim. Tujuan laporan kasus ini memaparkan tentang kelainan pada variasi normal lidah yang dipicu oleh kebiasaan baru konsumsi makanan tersebut pada seorang pasien remaja. Pasien juga kemudian diketahui dalam kondisi anemia. Laporan kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 18 tahun berobat ke Poliklinik Ilmu Penyakit Mulut RSUP.Dr Hasan Sadikin dengan diagnosis geographic tongue disertai fissured tongue. Pasien mengeluhkan sakit pada lidah dan terasa mati rasa serta nyeri seperti tertusuk-tusuk, terutama jika terkena makanan pedas, sejak satu tahun yang lalu. Terdapat riwayat mengonsumsi makanan yang pedas dan panas hampir setiap hari. Hasil pemeriksaan penunjang hematologi menunjukkan pasien dalam kondisi anemia. Penatalaksanan yang dilakukan meliputi instruksi menjaga kesehatan rongga mulut, pemberian preparat Fe, B12, dan asam folat, serta obat kumur. Pasien menunjukkan perbaikan dalam  pengobatan selama 3 minggu. Simpulan: Kondisi variasi normal pada lidah yang semula asimtomatik dapat menjadi simtomatik akibat iritasi makanan panas dan pedas, pada pasien dengan kondisi anemia.

Kata kunci: Geographic tongue, fissured tongue, variasi normal lidah, makanan pedas dan panas, anemia.

 

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In medical philosophy, the tongue is believed to be a barometer of the oral cavity’s health and the body as a whole. The mucosal tongue surface often shows a different feature from normal conditions, thus called normal variation. Geographic tongue and fissured tongue are normal variations that are asymptomatic but can become symptomatic when influenced by new irritating habits such as daily food consumption with an extremely spicy taste. This case report was aimed to describe abnormalities in normal tongue variation triggered by the new habit of consuming such foods in a teenage patient. The patient was also found to be anaemic. Case report: An 18-year-old woman went to the Oral Medicine Polyclinics of Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital with a geographic tongue diagnosis accompanied by the fissured tongue. The patient complained of a sore tongue and felt numbness and soreness like being prickly, especially when exposed to spicy food, since one year prior. There was a history of spicy and hot foods consumption almost every day. The results of the haematology examination showed that the patient was in an anaemic condition. The treatment included instructions for maintaining oral health, administration of Fe, B12, folic acid preparations, and mouthwash usage. The patient showed improvement after treatment for three weeks. Conclusion: The condition of normal tongue variation, which initially asymptomatic, can become symptomatic due to irritation of hot and spicy food in anaemic patients.

Keywords: Geographic tongue, fissured tongue, normal tongue variations, hot and spicy food, anaemia.


Keywords


geographic tongue; fissured tongue; variasi normal lidah; makanan pedas dan panas; anemia; normal tongue variations; hot and spicy food; anaemia

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v32i3.30723

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